A Working Guide to Current Use Taxation for Agricultural Lands

Developed by Vermont Law School’s Center for Agriculture and Food Systems, “A Working Guide to Current Use Taxation for Agricultural Lands” provides an overview of current use policies across the U.S. 

Current use programs—which generally allow farmers to pay taxes on their land at current (agricultural) value rather than its assessed value for another non-farming use—are an important tool in the farmland preservation toolbox. 

Written by Vermont Law School adjunct professor Jess Phelps, this guide explains the concept of current use and examines current use policies and programs. Identifying common challenges and opportunities, it aims to help policymakers adapt current use programs to modern farmland preservation needs. It also dives into a case study of current use in Vermont to explore how a program functions at the farm level, and includes a handy reference guide to state current use statutes across the country.

This guide was funded by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Vermont’s Current Use Program

This legal guide provides a brief overview of Vermont’s Current Use Program—a state program designed to keep taxes on working lands affordable so long as land is being used for active agricultural purposes. The guide includes a high-level summary of the Program, including:

  • Eligibility requirements for enrolling
  • Steps for applying
  • How to maintain enrolled status and how to withdraw from the Program
  • How to transfer ownership of enrolled land

Vermont Farm & Food Law

This guide to farm & food law in Vermont is a reference for attorneys, designed to orient you to key legal issues facing farmers in the state. It provides background on small-scale farming and food business practices in Vermont, reviews key food and agricultural laws and legal issues, and provides references for more in-depth information.

The guide contains chapters on the following topics: Vermont farming and the local food economy, business structures, food safety, intellectual property, farm transitions, farmland acquisition, and land regulations.